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Advanced Analytical Science

  • Module code: CH6007
  • Year: 2018/9
  • Level: 6
  • Credits: 30
  • Pre-requisites: CH5006 Analytical Science OR CH5004 Analytical & Experimental Chemistry
  • Co-requisites: None

Summary

This is a core module of MPharmSci (Hons) Pharmaceutical Science and MChem (Hons) Chemistry and an option for BSc (Hons) Chemistry and BSc (Hons) Pharmaceutical Science students. It takes forward the themes of spectroscopy that were introduced in the previous modules and develops a more rigorous theoretical footing and advanced applications. In parallel to this, analytical themes are introduced covering radiochemical analysis, electroanalysis and thermal analysis.

Aims

  • To enhance the understanding of qualitative and quantitative spectroscopic measurements
  • To introduce students to the planning and development of quality systems in the analytical laboratory
  • To introduce selected advanced analytical techniques and apply those techniques to a variety of problems in various environments for routine and non-routine situations

Learning outcomes

On successful completion of the module, students will be able to:

  • Demonstrate an understanding of the importance of quality management systems relating to the analytical laboratory
  • Apply the techniques and methods studied to routine and non-routine chemical problems, in various situations
  • Critically compare and assess a variety of analytical techniques with regard to performance and applicability
  • Design and carry out experiments to measure and subsequently interpret data, using techniques and concepts directly or indirectly related to those developed elsewhere in the module

Curriculum content

Strand I (Physical and Analytical chemistry module uses this strand only)

  • Analytical quality systems
  • Data analysis and measurement uncertainty
  • Nuclear Magnetic resonance: pulse NMR, 1D and 2D NMR, MRI, Electron spin resonance.
  • Advanced topics in separation science including optimisation of HPLC conditions, Ion Chromatography hyphenated techniques, capillary electrophoresis
  • Electroanalytical techniques and applications including potentiometric analysis, ion selective electrodes (ISE), voltammetric techniques, pulse techniques, trace analysis
  • Radiochemical techniques and applications including alpha, beta and gamma spectroscopy and radioimmunoassay (RIA)
  • Thermal methods techniques and applications; Thermogravimetry (TG) Differential thermal analysis (DTA), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)

Strand II

  • A comparative review of the various techniques of atomic emission/absorption spectroscopy with regard to cost, performance, applicability and potential for future development leading to an appreciation of the present status of the techniques
  • Atomic Ion Mass Spectrometry: ICP-MS and Glow Discharge, interface, detector, interferences, isotope dilution analysis and applications
  • Molecular Mass Spectrometry: ion sources, (EI, CI, FAB, FD, FI, MALDI), instrumentation-single and double focussing spectrometers, high resolution mass spectrometry, ion trap and time of flight mass analysers (TOF), quadrupole and tandem mass spectrometers, Fourier-Transform Mass Spectrometry (FTMS), GC-MS, LC-MS
  • Molecular Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: principles, quantitative analysis by fluorometry, instrumentation and applications, atomic fluorescence, a review of the present status of atomic fluorescence methods, mercury analysers
  • X-ray techniques: instrumentation, optics, detection and measurement, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, qualitative and quantitative analysis, electron probe microanalysis and electron microscopes, applications, X-ray diffraction, interpretation of powder diffraction data, applications
  • Specialised Spectroscopies: eg. Circular Dichroism, Atomic Force Microscopy, Mössbauer Spectroscopy: principles and applications

Teaching and learning strategy

The course will be delivered via two parallel series of lectures supported by workshop and problem solving classes. Lectures will be given to introduce topics and guide students in directed reading in preparation for tutorial sessions which will give students the opportunity to solve real spectroscopic problems and gauge understanding through formative self-assessment. Students will undertake set practical experiments in the laboratory that underpin the subject material and widen the students' range of practical skills. Practical report writing will test written communication and observation skills through set discussion and evaluation questions. Experiments will be conducted in pairs to promote team working. Directed private study includes consolidation of lecture notes with additional reading and the production of experimental reports. Self-directed learning includes preparation for end-of-module examination and associated work.

Breakdown of Teaching and Learning Hours

Definitive UNISTATS Category Indicative Description Hours
Scheduled learning and teaching Lectures and workshops Pre-Lab workshops Laboratory practical 50 3 9
Guided independent study Recommended reading Formative assessment tasks Summative assessment tasks Exam revision 238
Total (number of credits x 10) 300

Assessment strategy

Assessment of material delivered through lectures will be made in a variety of ways.  These include formative assessment in workshops and practicals as well as summative assessment through a variety of tasks such as answers to questions in on-line tests, which will include practical results and their interpretation, practical report, and the formal end of module examination. A range of formative assignments undertaken both in class and during independent study will provide regular and detailed feedback to students so that they can develop an awareness of their rate and level of progress and of their strengths and weaknesses. On-going discussion via the personal tutor and module leader will assist the student in the development of strategies for improvement and enhancement.

The end of module examination will be of three hours duration and include a mixture of short and long answer questions. Students will be given an element of choice, but students will be required to answer an equal weighting of questions from each section. Practical work will be assessed through the submission of three elements of assessment based on 2 sets of on-line questionnaires (each set 10% weighting), and a practical report.

Formative questions will be present in every practical question sheet (see practical booklet). There will be an opportunity of formative feedback on the first submitted questions sheet  during TB1 .  In addition to the online questions, each practical will be summatively assessed through a short report.  The report will consist of three compiled question sheets each containing results, data treatment, interpretation of the data and discussion on each experiment (<500 words) (20% weighting in total).

The end of module examination will be of three hours duration and include 4 sections: A, B, C and D.

Section A will consist of  short questions covering all the taught material; (40 marks in total).

Sections B, C and D will consist of  long questions (20 marks each).

The topics "mass spectrometry" and "atomic spectroscopy" will only be assessed through the summative practical questionnaires and will not be included in the final exam.

Mapping of Learning Outcomes to Assessment Strategy (Indicative)

Learning Outcome Assessment Strategy
1) Demonstrate an understanding of the importance of quality management systems relating to the analytical laboratory; Summative assessment will be through the end of module examination and submission of practical report. Opportunity for formative assessment will be provided in class.
2) Apply the techniques and methods studied to routine and non-routine chemical problems, in various situations Summative assessment will be through the end of module examination, and coursework. Opportunity for formative assessment will be provided in problem solving workshops and questions in practicals.
3) Critically compare and assess a variety of analytical techniques with regard to performance and applicability Summative assessment will be through the end of module examination and coursework. Opportunity for formative assessment will be provided in workshops and in practicals.
4) Design and carry out experiments to measure and subsequently interpret data, using techniques and concepts directly or indirectly related to those developed elsewhere in the module Summative assessment will take place when answering of online tests and report (coursework). Opportunity for formative assessment will be provided in practicals.

Elements of Assessment

Description of Assessment Definitive UNISTATS Categories Percentage
Portfolio 1 comprising: 2 online tests, GC-MS/ ICP practicals 10% each Coursework 20%
Portfolio 2. Submission of the practical report comprising three question sheets on the following; NMR 10% GC-MS 5% ICP 5% Coursework 20%
Written exam Written exam 60%
Total (to equal 100%) 100%

Achieving a pass

It IS NOT a requirement that any element of assessment is passed separately in order to achieve an overall pass for the module.

Bibliography core texts

D.A. Skoog, F. J. Holler, T. A. Nieman, "Principles of Instrumental Analysis", Harcourt, (1997), ISBN 0030020786

Bibliography recommended reading

F-J. Banica "Chemical Sensors and Biosensors: Fundamentals and Applications", Wiley, (2012), ISBN: 9780470710661.

J. Barker, "Mass Spectrometry", 2nd Ed., ACOL, John Wiley and Sons Ltd, Chichester, (1998), ISBN 0471967645.

A.J. Bard, L.R. Faulkner, "Electrochemical Method- Fundamentals and Applications", 2nd Ed., John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, (2001), ISBN 0471043729.

P.J. Haines, Principles of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry", Royal Society of Chemistry, , (2015), ISBN  9781782620518.

G.R. Choppin et al., "Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry", 4th Ed., Butterworth-Heinemann, (2013), ISBN  9780123978684.

J.N. Miller and J.C. Miller, "Statistics and Chemometrics for Analytical Chemistry", 5th Ed., Pearson Education Ltd., (2018),7th edition,  ISBN13: 9781292186719.

R.E. van Grieken and A.A. Markowicz, (Eds.), "Handbook of X-ray Spectrometry: (Practical Spectroscopy)", 2nd Ed., (2002), Marcel Dekker, ISBN 0824706005.

J.R. Dean, "Atomic Absorption and Plasma Spectroscopy", 2nd Ed., ACOL, John Wiley and Sons Ltd, (1997), ISBN 047197255X

B. Valeur. "Molecular fluorescence: principles and applications" Wiley (2013), ISBN: 3-527-65003-2.

L.D. Field, S. Sternhell, J.R. Kalman. "Organic structures from spectra" John Wiley & Sons (2013) 5th edition, ISBN 9781118325490.

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