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Clinical Immunology and Medical Microbiology

  • Module code: LS6006
  • Year: 2018/9
  • Level: 6
  • Credits: 30
  • Pre-requisites: LS5008
  • Co-requisites: None

Summary

This is a core requirement for Biomedical Science and is an option for those on other Life Science degree courses (Biological Sciences (Medical Biology route), Medical Biochemistry and Nutrition). The module builds on and applies the learning achieved in the level 5 Infection and Immunity (LS5008) module which is a prerequisite.
The module initially explores in detail diseases of: overactive immunity (eg. autoimmune disease and hypersensitivity); and of immune deficiency (eg. AIDS). It also explores other key areas of clinical immunology such as cancer immunology, monoclonal antibodies and laboratory diagnostics.
The module then explores infectious diseases and the principles and practise of the medical microbiology. Selected infectious diseases and their laboratory diagnosis are studied in depth using an organ system approach; for example, infections of the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and urinary tract.

Aims

  • To apply immunological and microbiological principles to evaluate pathophysiology and to investigate immunological and microbiological disease processes.
  • To critically review the theory and practice of modern diagnostic clinical immunology and medical microbiology.

Learning outcomes

On successful completion of the module, students will be able to:

  • Discuss the pathogenesis and control of diseases associated with inappropriate immune responses and immunodeficiencies.
  • Discuss the immunology of cancer and differentiate types of malignancy of the immune system.
  • Demonstrate safe practical skills involved in the investigation of immunological and microbiological disease, and critically evaluate the theoretical and practical basis of procedures employed in the clinical immunology and diagnostic medical microbiology laboratories.
  • Evaluate relevant laboratory data; write coherent and analytical laboratory reports, and demonstrate skills in communication and independent learning.
  • Review the aetiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis control and treatment of a variety of infectious diseases

Curriculum content

  • Pathogenesis and control of selected immune diseases: e.g. auto-immunity, hypersensitivity, allergy
  • Pathogenesis and control of key primary and secondary immunodeficiency diseases including AIDS
  • Immune responses to cancer, cancer antigens and immunotherapy of cancer
  • Chronic lymphoid malignancy including multiple myeloma
  • Stem cell and organ transplantation.
  • Passive vaccines and the production and clinical applications of monoclonal antibodies
  • Aetiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis control and treatment of selected infectious diseases of respiratory tract, urinary tract,  gastrointestinal system, genital tract and central nervous system
  • Key diagnostic procedures used in bacteriology, virology, parasitology and mycology to investigate the above diseases.

Teaching and learning strategy

The teaching and learning strategy will include lecture sessions, tutorials, laboratory practicals, group work, directed private study, and self directed learning. The lectures will be used to provide a sound theoretical background in contemporary understanding of clinical immunology and medical microbiology. Lectures will explain concepts and define the principles, while case studies and disease studies will be included to develop critical evaluation, discussion and analytical skills. Practicals will allow students to develop experience of diagnostic techniques used for immunological and microbiological diseases. They will develop practical psychomotor skills, high-level functional analysis, teamwork, problem solving and experimental design. Critical evaluation of experimental and clinical data will be a feature of the practicals and the end of module examination.
Tutorials will be used to clarify points and to provide experience of evaluating data. Tutorials will include exam technique and practise writing and planning essays. Blended learning, such as videos of lectures/practical classes and CAL, will be used where possible to enhance learning.

Breakdown of Teaching and Learning Hours

Definitive UNISTATS Category Indicative Description Hours
Scheduled learning and teaching 55 one hour lecture 8 one hour tutorial/workshop 7 hours lab practicals 70
Guided independent study Directed private study (130) Self directed learning (100) 230
Total (number of credits x 10) 300

Assessment strategy

The module has a broad assessment strategy which caters for all learning styles.  Summative assessment includes two practical assignments which develop practical psychomotor skills as well as high level functional analysis. They require critical interpretation of data and results. One practical assessment coursework requires a written report (25%) that develops research and summarisation skills; the other is a practical exam that requires prior learning and detailed interpretation of results and is assessed by MCQ (25%), providing rapid feedback.

The final examination (50%) contains a compulsory data interpretation question based on a 'seen' patient case study, plus two further essay questions chosen from clinical immunology and medical microbiology. Thus students are assessed for critical analysis of the case study and also breadth and depth of understanding.

Formative class tests will occur before the winter break and end of module to provide feedback and feedfoward.  These formative assessments will allow students to develop essay writing skills as well as to assess their acquisition and communication of knowledge.  Tutorials will be used to provide and discuss feedback and feed forward on summative and formative assessments.

Mapping of Learning Outcomes to Assessment Strategy (Indicative)

Learning Outcome Assessment Strategy
1) Discuss the pathogenesis and control of diseases associated with inappropriate immune responses and immunodeficiencies Examination (S) Test (F)
2) Discuss the immunology of cancer and differentiate types of malignancy of the immune system Examination (S) Test (F)
3) Demonstrate safe practical skills involved in the investigation of immunological and microbiological disease and critically evaluate the theoretical and practical basis of procedures employed in the clinical immunology and diagnostic medical microbiology laboratories. Clinical Immunology diagnostics (ELISA) practical and report (S) Medical Microbiology practical (UTI) and MCQ (S)
4) Evaluate relevant laboratory data; report writing and develop demonstrate skills in communication and independent learning Clinical Immunology diagnostics (ELISA) practical and report (S) Medical Microbiology practical (UTI) and MCQ (S) Test (F)
5) Review the aetiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis control and treatment of a variety of infectious diseases Examination (S) Test (F)

Elements of Assessment

Description of Assessment Definitive UNISTATS Categories Percentage
Written Exam 3h end of module examination 50
Practical Exam Practical MCQ 25
Coursework Practical report 25
Total (to equal 100%) 100%

Achieving a pass

It IS NOT a requirement that any major assessment category is passed separately in order to achieve an overall pass for the module.

Bibliography core texts

Latest editions of:

Chapel H, Haeney M, Misbah S & Snowden N.  Essentials of Clinical Immunology Blackwell Science 

Hall A and Yates C Immunology.  Fundamentals of Biomedical Science series Oxford University Press

Goering, R., Dockrell, H., Zuckerman, M., Wakelin, D., Roitt, I., Mims C. A. and Chiodini, P.   Mims' Medical Microbiology, Mosby,

Bibliography recommended reading

Latest editions of:

Murphy, K., Travers, P., Walport M. Janeway's Immunobiology Garland Press

Madigan, M.T., Martinko J.M., Dunlap P.V., and Clark D.P. Biology of Microorganisms Pearson Brock Education, Inc

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